Monday, September 17, 2007

Código 43 Com Webcam

Martin Buber מרטין בובר

Martin Buber - מרטין בובר

General
-
Martin Buber

( Hebrew מרטין בובר ; * February 8 1878 in Vienna ; † June 13 1965 in Jerusalem ) A Austria and was - Israeli Jewish religious philosopher .


life

Martin Buber grew

Galician

Lemberg (now Lviv , Ukraine ) that during his grandfather, the private scholar and Midraschexperten Salomon Buber , who in his time one of the main researchers and collectors in the field of Hasidic tradition of Eastern European Judaism was. After the visit of the Polish Gymnasium in Lviv Martin Buber studied in Vienna, Leipzig, Zurich and Berlin. He finished philosophy, Germanic Studies, Art History, Psychiatry and Psychology, among others, Wilhelm Dilthey and Georg Simmel. In 1899 he married Paula Winkler, who participated in its work and under the pseudonym of Georg Munk himself wrote. The couple had two children, her son Rafael was born 1900 and 1901, the daughter of Eve. In Vienna he learned

Theodor Herzl

know and joined the Zionist movement. In 1901 he became editor of the Zionist weekly, "The World" and 1902 co-founder of Jewish publisher. From 1905 he worked for the publisher Ruetten & Loening as an editor. Martin Buber was 1924-1933 Lecturer and Honorary Professor of Jewish religious education and ethics

in Frankfurt am Main . From the Nazi Reich Chamber he was excluded 1935th In 1938 he escaped from Nazi Germany to Jerusalem, where he worked until 1951 at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem anthropology and sociology taught. Especially in this period was Buber, despite his skepticism about the number of Zionism Zionist intellectuals close, such as the philosopher Felix Weltsch , the writer Max Brod , politicians like Chaim Weizmann and the spiritual pioneer of Palestine Hugo Bergman . They were all acquaintances Buber from Ancient Europe the cities of Prague, Berlin and Vienna, and their friendship and mutual stimulation lasted until the 1960s, the newly created state of Israel. Buber House in Heppenheim

, where he lived from 1916 to 1938 along with his wife and granddaughters Barbara and Judith Buber, was on during the pogroms November 9th November 1938 devastated. In the years 1938-1940 Paula Buber wrote the literary term image "Muckensturm. A year in the life of a small town, "which was published in 1953 under her pseudonym. In New York he was involved in 1955 in addition to

Hannah Arendt

including the creation of the Leo Baeck Institute , an important documentation and research center for the history of German Jews. The holdings can be viewed in electronic form in the Jewish Museum Berlin . He was also - as Hannah Arendt - to the authors of the structure . Paula Buber died in 1958 on returning from a joint U.S. and European tour in Venice. Martin Buber died in 1965 in Jerusalem.

work

Although even more to the

Reform Judaism

Belonging, was dedicated to Martin Buber to the understanding of the Orthodox and ultra-Orthodox mystical Jewish movement in the West. To this end, he translated numerous stories and traditions of Hasidism in the German language and made it famous. In particular, his extensive anthology "Tales of the Hasidim" provides for an impressive witness. Throughout his life, Buber was a mediator between the threatened traditional Jewish world in the East and the Western scientific and enlightened modernity. From the beginning of the Zionist movement and Jewish immigration to Palestine, he strongly urged to establish good relations with the Arabs. That earned him a lot of opposition, an even hostility. together with the philosopher Franz Rosenzweig

Buber began in 1925 with the translation of Jewish Scripture , the Tanach , into German. It was the two scholars focuses on the accurate transmission of the Hebrew language original text while maintaining its full meaning wealth. According to Rosenzweig's death in 1929, Buber continued the work alone, he was able to close in 1961. comes in his philosophical works in Buber, especially the issue of dialogue to Expression. His main work is titled "Me and You" and discusses the relationship of man to God and fellow man as an existential dialogic religious principles. These shape thinking later

Amitai Etzioni

and the communitarian . In texts such as Three sets of religious socialists he pleaded for a religious socialism. [1]

quotes from one at the Martin Buber 31st October 1929 held in Berlin speech:

"We have not in Palestine with the Arabs, but lived next to them. The coexistence of two peoples in the same territory but must, if it is not interacting unfolds, degenerate to the opposition. So it is about to happen here. A mere, incidental 'The Lost Path. But the, With 'is so great even the obstacles have piled up, still be penetrated. I do not know how long. I just know that when we get there does not not come to be our goal. The third time we are tested on the country "

From a philosophical account, in:. Martin Buber, I. writings on the works of philosophy, p. 1114:

"I have no teaching. I am only a little. I see reality, I see something in reality, what has not been seen or too little. I take it, of listening to me by the hand and lead him to the window. I push the window and let out. "

" I have no teaching, but I make a call. "

Awards

1951 Hanseatic Goethe Prize
  • 1953 Peace Prize of the German Book Trade
  • 1958
  • Goethe Medal of the City of Frankfurt am Main
  • 1963
  • Erasmus Prize
  • annually Until now named after him
Buber-Rosenzweig-Medal

by Coordinating Council of Societies for Christian-Jewish Cooperation to persons given that use is especially for Christian-Jewish dialogue. Furthermore conferred by, created in 1982 EuRegionale Culture and Science Festival

Euriade

since 2002, the " Martin Buber plaque. The festival takes place in the border region between Belgium, the Netherlands and North Rhine-Westphalia instead. Past recipients included

2002
    Helmut Schmidt
  • (former Chancellor) 2003
  • Richard von Weizsacker
  • (Federal President) 2004
  • Karlheinz Böhm
  • (Actor and foundation founder) 2005
  • Herman van Veen
  • (musician) 2006
  • Klaus Maria Brandauer
  • (actor)

book publications - selection

    The fiftieth gate
  • , 1907
  • The stories of Rabbi Nachman
  • , 1908
  • The legends of the Baal Shem
  • , 1908
  • The Spirit of Judaism. Speeches and Forewords
  • , 1916
  • The Jewish movement. Collected Essays and Speeches 1900 - 1915
  • , 1916
  • Daniel. Conversations from achieving
  • , 1913
  • Three Speeches on Judaism
  • , 1919
  • events and meetings
  • , 1920
  • I and Thou, 1923
  • Scripture (Germanised Martin Buber together with Franz Rosenzweig ), 1926-1938
  • Fight for Israel. Speeches and Writings 1921 - 1932
  • , 1933
  • The problem of human
  • , 1948
  • Tales of the Hasidim
  • , 1949
  • Paths in Utopia. About Community and its implementation
  • , 1950 (in particular a discussion of the ideas of Gustav Landauer )
  • The utopian socialism
  • , 1952 and 1967. [Supplement to the band Paths in Utopia ].
  • eclipse of God. Views on the relationship between religion and philosophy
  • , 1953
  • speeches on education, 1953, Heidelberg: L. Schneider, now: Gütersloh Publisher; 10 Edition (August 2005), ISBN 3579025813 , ISBN 978-3579025810
  • encounter. . Autobiographical fragments
  • , 1961
  • The Jew and his Judaism
  • , 1963
  • One country and two nations
  • , to Jewish-Arab question, Jewish Vlg, Ffm, Release date: 1993, ISBN 3633540857 pickings, 1965, Heidelberg: L. Schneider, currently Gütersloh publishing house; 3 Edition (July 2002), ISBN-10: 3579025767, ISBN-13: 978-3579025766
  • Jews, Palestinians and Arabs
  • , 1961, Ner Tamid-Verlag, ASIN: B0000BICCG

itemization

  1. 'Three sets of religious socialists (1928)

literature

Hans Kohn:
    Martin Buber. His work and his time
  • , 1930, reprinted 1961 Martin Buber, Carl Rogers
  • : Speaking (dialog) conversation between the two: University 04.18.1957, (Chair Maurice Friedmann). of Michigan. First publ. MB and Carl Rogers Dialogue between in: Psychologia (Kyoto, Japan), Vol 3, No. 4 (1960). In German: Working Group on person-centered interviewing (Hg) personality development through meeting Vienna: Deuticke, 1984. Slightly shortened, edited, and some are new trans. and intro. Wolfgang M. Pfeiffer: person-centered psychology and psychotherapy. Yearbook 1992 Cologne: MLA, 1992, ISBN 3926842091 , p. 184-201 Erhard Doubrawa / Frank-M. Staemmler (ed.):
  • healing relationship - Dialogical Gestalt
  • Andreas Haupt:
  • The third way. Martin Buber's later work in the tension between philosophical anthropology and of faith
  • humanism. Herbert Utz Verlag, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-8316-0068-6 Yigal Wagner: Martin Buber's
  • fight for Israel. His Zionist political thought and
  • , publisher of Berlin-Brandenburg 1999 Gerhard Wehr:
  • Martin Buber: the life, work, effect
  • . Diogenes Verlag, Zurich 1991 ISBN 3-257-01908-4 Siegbert Wolf: Martin Buber
  • imposing
  • . Junius Verlag, Hamburg 1992 ISBN 3-88506-873-7 Michael Zank: New Perspectives on Martin Buber. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2006 ISBN 3-16-148998-5
  • Hans-Joachim Werner: Martin Buber
  • . Campus, Frankfurt / New York 1994 ISBN 3-593-35057-2

See also

    Scripture
  • Buber-Rosenzweig-Medal
  • , Franz Rosenzweig
  • German Coordinating Council of Societies for Christian-Jewish Cooperation
  • Society for Christian-Jewish Cooperation Kassel
  • kibbutz

Links

    literature by and about Martin Buber in
  • Catalogue of National Library Germans Michael Zank:
  • entry
  • in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (English, including references)
  • Buber portal
  • Biography entry on Martin Buber
  • at LeMO ( German Historical Museum and History Museum )
  • Buber Rosenzweig history
  • Buber Society
  • Martin Buber works edition (Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences)
  • "Martin Buber" Entry in the Encyclopedia of anarchy "Siegbert Wolf
  • Erhard Doubrawa:
  • The policy of the I-Thou. The Anarchiin Buber

Saturday, September 15, 2007

Poke Berries Spinal Stenosis

Christianity will be predators Lord, is his means to make them sick

Christianity, when it left its first floor, the lowest levels, the underworld of the ancient world, when it started to under barbarian peoples power, had here not tired feral people presuppose, but inwardly and ripping, - the strong man, but the mißratnen. The dissatisfaction with the suffering in itself is not like the Buddhists, excessive irritability pain and ability, rather the reverse do an overpowering desire for woe, after omitting the internal stress in hostile actions and ideas. Christianity was barbaric concepts and values necessary to over barbarians become master: those are the first fruits offering, the drinking of blood in the sacrament, the disdain of the spirit and culture, the torture in all forms, sensual and sensuous, the great pomp of the cult. Buddhism is a religion for late people, kind, gentle, about intellectual gewordne races who feel pain too easily (- Europe is still not ripe for it -): it is a return to the same peace and serenity, diet in spirit to a sense of resilience in the physical. Christianity will be predators Lord, is his means of making them sick - the weakening of the Christian recipe for taming, for "civilization". Buddhism is a religion for the termination and the weariness of civilization, Christianity, it is not even available yet - there she also founded.
punch 1-21

Tuesday, May 15, 2007

Swollen Hands From Shoveling

power of thought and media

There is in the flood of literature on channeled messages a lot of different versions of the story of humanity and the Creator and to my mind much will dissuade us only from the simple and clear recognition that we are equal with God now and always and we always create our reality, of course, just when we read such a message and believe I have come to the conclusion that since some powers are interested in us consider each case on its side to give their version of energy and just to let this be true. Due to the various versions, we are confused, our energy is tied and we are not the idea to orient ourselves in the here and now, and our opportunities. The same is true for all religions, which ultimately come from the same sources.


more ...

Tuesday, April 17, 2007

Men Flashing Dicks To Women

The Kapst


Kapst





from Kamelopedia, the free knowledge base











Kardimel Ratzinger, im bedeutendsten Augenblick seines Lebens: bei der Prüfung zum Kapst. Er beantwortet die Frage: wie zeigt man den Stinkefinger in 5 Sprachen?




vergrößern
Kardimel Ratzinger, the most important moment of his life at the examination for
Kapst. He answered the question: how does one show the
middle finger in 5 languages?

















Das hätte er auch auf der Straße lernen können. Ist das einer seiner preisgekrönten Vorgänger, der hier sein Können unter Beweis stellt?




vergrößern
He had to learn on the street. Is that one of his
award-winning predecessor, the ability to be here is the test?





Kapst
is the short form of the original Latin
" c amelus ap icatus st ultiloquus" ( "the cap adorned with the priest, silly speaking camel ").


The Kapst is the head of the" Roman

kameltholischen
Church, "a kistlichen splinter group seat in Vatican ( Rome ). He likes to wear long clothes and a pointed hat (see transvestite ).







costumed the purple, every day

Kamelval
celebrating subordinates, called


Kardimele



His hobbies are flying, and mumbling with the Swiss Guard his

fish
can play.

He is the only camel

God
earth
, all the international airports

can recognize the taste.

Kapst The first was Peter the pebbles. In earlier times there were often several
Käpste simultaneously. Thus, on the camel herds Photo of the Council of Constance

from the 1415 four Käpste seen.


The current Kapst is
Maladictus16

, on 19 was elected April 2005 in this office. He is the first German Kapst Page 632 pardon, since 482 years since the church he set back by 150 years.


Each
Easter

to migrate thousands of camels Rome to get there from Kapst a blessing to get . Originally gave the camels Kapst his saws, but after the whole desert was

cut down, this custom lost its sense .


Kapst muesli I.
led the practice on a day of German unity oven dried banana slices distribute, as sign of solidarity that were of East and West
camels broken.

If no pope available, this is called temporary event

Vacant See.




Kapst allein Zuhaus: Licht brennt in den zwei oberen Fenstern, er übt mit dem Stinkefinger.




vergrößern
Kapst alone at home: the light burns in the two upper windows, he trains with
the finger.


























Bild:siehe_auch.png See Also






  • About
    et Orca


  • Paparatzi


  • halo


  • Pontifax


  • Benediktollah


  • Benedict XVI
    .


  • inconsistency


  • Bible
























Oh God - please also note the






regard to religious issues !





has to do in any case: Pipifax





From
"

http://kamelopedia.mormo.org/index.php/Kapst "

Saturday, April 7, 2007

Reconsideration Format

antipope

'''anti-Pope''' (by [[German language German]]:''''to be against it; v. [[Greek Sprachegriech].] ''''Pappas, father; v. [[Lateinlat].]''P antipope
(v. German : to be against it; Greek v. : pappas , father, v. Latin: papa , Papa, father) is the anti-religious title for the head of the alcohol consumption deficit syndrome community.

The term

Holy See the anti-pope acting both alone and together with the alcohol consumption deficit syndrome community internationally as a non-state subject of international law and represents at the same time Opponents of the alcohol tax , whose chairman he is.
The current anti-pope is

Dick Lutschensen III, on the 19th April 2005 was elected to the office.
Since people remember, the anti-pope resides in the brew house of the Vatican

. The local bar of the anti-pope can be found on the Reeperbahn in Hamburg . The anti-pope-throne is called the empty barrel 1000liter .

Contents

[

Hide ]

history

The Pope is to counter anti-religious view and that of some other anti-Christian Groups successor
Apostle pill Mont Le Grand which of these groups will be the first considered Alkoholvernichter and probably around the year 67 in Puff of Barcelona Syphilles died . Some critics and some historians doubt, however, that he was ever there. is justified this claim with a passage from the Gospel of

Woodcock reads the Bible (chapter 16, verse 18-19), as follows ( Genesis ):

You are Le Mont pill Grand and upon this rock I will build my brothel and the gates of chaste shall not prevail. And I will give the keys to the wine cellar. What you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven. And whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.

(what is meant by the last sentences no one knows for sure. The fact is, he has the key to the wine cellar and a new brothel is opened.) at issue is who has spoken this word. And therefore who owns the wine. That is why legal action should be excluded, which could condemn the anti-pope to compensation.

Since the early Deliriumzeit represents the anti-pope the

pornographic education after Alice Schwarzer . He has made it his life's work, in addition to the Alkoholvernichten to educate the world about the most beautiful part of humanity, the penis.

clothing

travel and everyday clothing: the anti-pope usually wears a blue jogging pants, Asiletten on the feet and a white-ribbed, often much too short vest can see where everyone what it to eat the last three weeks was. For colder days, is the anti-Pope, a black leather jacket, the so-called "Match Olle" available. In the winter months, this leather jacket is lined with wool, in addition, doctors recommend for years to abandon the wool, because it contains significant traces of asbestos. As a hat he wears in the cold season, a typical French

hat, which he has stolen a Franzaken at one of his audiences.

title

The titles of the anti-pope:

    pimp
  • Rome Almighty Alkoholvernichter
  • He who has the key to the wine cellar
See also

    Papa Ratzi
  • Uncle Benz
  • Pope
  • Uriella
  • Vatican
  • Holy See

  • Note: this is a Open-source document and requires treatment by you - yes, exactly - you are meant! As one or two others have (in) already noticed, the links must be set and new ideas are introduced. Amended versions will be here last updated respectively.

Here is the document for editing:

http://docs.google.com/Doc?id=d4nh42x_308sbd5g

Saturday, March 17, 2007

Can You Get Manicure With Wart

The tree of yoga


The tree of yoga.

5000 years yoga - Tradition and Modernity
(
Hardcover) by
Mathias Tietke (Author)

Hardcover: 336 pages Publisher
: Theseus ; 1 edition (March 2007)
language: German
ISBN-10: 3896201999
ISBN-13: 978-3896201997



Summary
from the branches and flowers - the current trends in the yoga of the 21 Century - to the roots followed Mathias Tietke the history and development of yoga from the present back to the 3rd Millennium BC, the early historical period of Industalkultur in India. The life and work of the great philosopher and master of Yoga he traces as well as new approaches, such as yoga combined with modern dance or as a supplementary method in the drug therapy. Mathias Tietke pursued but also those tracks that were previously hidden, and shows that yoga did not come by Aryan immigrants into India, but prior to this immigration, a strong advanced yoga practice existed and what evidence and suggest a variety of found objects.


About the Author
Mathias Tietke is an author, freelance journalist, editor of the magazine "Yoga-German Forum" as well as yoga teachers. Several times he traveled to North and South India. Mathias Tietke lives with his nine-year-old son and his girlfriend in Berlin.


Does Fraxel Work For Eyebags

West Eastern wisdom.

West Eastern wisdom.

visions of an integral spirituality (Hardcover)
Hardcover: 128 pages



Publisher: Theseus; 1 edition (March 2007)
language: German
ISBN-10: 3896203126
ISBN-13: 978-3896203120



Summary

More and more people see themselves as spiritual seekers, fewer and fewer see the messages of the traditional religions answers to their pressing questions. Willigis Hunter describes in his new book, the dimensions of a modern spirituality of the 21st Century. It will interpret the traditional, personal images of God to a new and more Understanding that ultimate reality that is called God in our culture lead. Their breeding ground, the mystical traditions of the great religions. They have developed training paths that will be experienced, what has given the mystics of all times, certainty and trust: that we are not separated from God, but he lives in us as human beings and we therefore always be in an infinite, timeless dimension home .




The author
Willigis Hunter, Benedictine monk and priest in 1996, the appointment of a Zen master of Sanbô Kyôdan school. Since 2003 he is spiritual leader of the Benediktushof in wooden churches in Würzburg and leads a variety of courses for contemplation and Zen meditation.

Thursday, February 22, 2007

Guide Line Value In Thambaram

stigmata. They carry the wounds of Christ

Michael Hesemann stigmata. They carry the wounds of Christ (Paperback)


Paperback: 461 pages
Publisher: Silver Cord; 1 edition (March 2006)
language: German
ISBN-10: 3898451259
ISBN-13: 978-3898451253



Summary
Are they heavenly miracles, manifestations of § berna ral or the result of auto-suggestion? They are among the most mysterious Phenomena of Christian mysticism. They appear overnight, or visions of the crucified and they are often accompanied by other manifestations: levitation, prophecy, etc. bilocation stigmata, the wounds of Christ's fascinating, for centuries believers and skeptics. Although recent cases have been fully investigated by psychiatrists and doctors, they still defy any conventional explanation. A swindle, a fraud is also excluded in almost all cases. In an exciting and fascinating non-fiction best-selling author Michael Hesemann told in a refreshingly modern way the story of the most stigmatized: the hl. Francis of Assisi, Saint. Catherine of Siena, Saint Padre Pio, the Italian National ... But it does not stop with this "classic" cases. Detailed reports on recent studies of Hesemann Stigmatisationsfällen 90s, at which leading psychiatrists, neurologists, and physicians were involved, and cited their spectacular results. They proved the incredible: Whether caused by heavenly forces or auto-suggestion - beyond the boundaries of the stigmata laws of nature.


About the Author

Michael Hesemann, the historian and cultural anthropologist who blows with an excellent spirit and scientific methods all boundaries. Michael Hesemann studied cultural anthropology, history, journalism, and Germanic. His books have been published in six languages with more than 400 000 copies. His film documentary "UFOs, the evidence" gained worldwide attention and was awarded in the U.S. with four film awards. Hesemann speaks at international conferences, including the U.S., the former Soviet Union and Brazil. He made many studies and research trips in the footsteps of unknown flying objects and mysterious circles.


Order here

Monday, February 19, 2007

Colonoscopy Side Effects Hemorroids

Kabbalah


Kabbalah (also Kabbalah) is the mystical tradition of Judaism . It will continue since Pico della Mirandola in non-Jewish mystical circles. The roots of the Kabbalah can be found in the Torah , the Scriptures of Judaism. In addition to centuries of oral tradition documents the extensive written Kabbalistic tradition different elements, including Gnostic, Neoplatonic and Christian .



history of the word
The term Kabbalah (Hebrew
קבלה) is based on the Hebrew root , q - b -. l back, meaning "tradition, acceptance and forwarding" The bearer of this tradition are called Baal Hakabbalah בעלה הקבלה or Mekuballim מקובלים, said at the last form because of the passive voice, the meaning of "taken by God to" float. It is known that was not in the earliest times, the word Kabbalah used in this sense. The carrier had (כן יודע) flowery names as familiar with the grace of beauty, endowed with reason (משכלים) and ways of the heart (חכמה הלב) and the object itself was (חכמה ניסתרה) the hidden wisdom.
Description
How often in the mysticism of it is about the conscious and self-directed transition into an ecstasy, that is a way of the ego from the body. There are several techniques that are the secret teachings
to be studied and learned , deliver. This experience gave initiatic initially in a first purely oral later written tradition. Therefore, in the Kabbalah today the Relationship between teacher and students found to be essential. As a Jewish Studies professor and historian of Kabbalah Gershom Scholem had emigrated to Jerusalem, offered him a Kabbalist from Safed, on condition not to ask questions, to be his student. Scholem refused. Kabbalistic experience may waive the limit between subject and object. A Kabbalist breaks through the wall "harder than diamond and can explore the all-unity. Is this extent are various Kabbalistic writings and schools, but not dogmatic or testable teaching content. There is no universal Kabbalistic teaching. But there are kabbalistic techniques. Accordingly, all written legacy the Kabbalists strongly symbolic. The ultimate goal of Lurianic Kabbalah reveals itself in preparation for purifying messianic redemption of the world Kawwanah (כוונה).

reached after only four Jewish tradition alive and alone in paradise
Rabbi Akiba
returned unharmed. Most succeed only a few steps on the ladder or opening a few gates. However, retain all their special skills obtained and should they pass on to extra-biblical tradition even ( apocryphal book of Sirach 4:16). So shall the blessing - Beracha ברכה arise. To abuse to prevent these forces, students will be tested before admission. To separate "worthy" of "unworthy", one has divided the Kabbalah in a theoretical (קבלה עיונית) and practical (קבלה מעששית), the former the system is, and the latter magical and semantic Practices describes how amulet being , etc. Loswerfen
Kabbalistic techniques
The various methods of the Hebrew Scripture as interpreted by Mekubbalim do not represent modern word root research, but
hermeneutics. The Techniques of this hermeneutics, as Temura, Atbasch, Albam, etc. are numerous. Of hermeneutics is tied to nothing but the stringency. This finding does not correspond to the finding of one or the other truth, but it is a method to overcome the purely causal thinking. For only whom it is possible to resolve embossed abstract ideas in thought, can leave the prison of the subject.
Jewish Kabbalah [edit
] The first support came from the Kabbalistic tradition rabbinic Judaism
, especially from the students of Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai and Rabbi Akiba ben Joseph , both in Judea in first Century AD. impacts. Technical content of this tradition are Talmud in myths about the biblical story of creation (מעשה בראשית) and in the visions first Chapter of the prophet Ezekiel the divine chariot (מעשה מרכבה) narrated. In this respect one speaks of Merkaba mysticism. A note of ecstasy, at issue provides that the word Merkabah, which is the tribe rakav - רכב - horseback riding, rapture, is derived. As Kabbalistic Midrash is the Sefer Bahir
. It contains the first representation of the then seven Sefirot (The currently known 10 Sefirot are found only in Sohar ) and the 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet than the original numbers and relationships that underpin the world. These come in the representation of kabbalistic tree World expressed. were in the high Middle Ages
the centers Kabbalistic movements of German Hasidism in the Rhineland (mid-12th to mid 13th century) and especially the so-called "prophetic Kabbalah" in Spain, the most important representatives Abulafia and Gikatilla were. arose from the tradition of English Jewry towards the end of the 13th Century, the most important Kabbalistic text at all. the Zohar (Sefer ha Zohar, in Hebrew, "The Book of Splendor") as its author is the English Kabbalist Moses de Leon († 1305 )
The
. Zohar contains various, sometimes very extensive treatises interpretations of the Torah, stories ben to mystical forms of Judaism, especially to Rabbi Shimon

Yochai and his students, as well as speculation on numbers and letters as the foundations of the world. The Zohar is probably next to the Tanach , the Jewish Holy Scriptures and the Talmud as the single most important document of Judaism.

After the persecution and expulsion of Jews from Spain in 1492

was the town of Safed Galilee in the center of Kabbalistic teaching. This seemed especially Isaac Luria (1534 - 1572), the major contributions to the conception of the creation developed in the world. These ideas include a "self-pulling out" of God in order to make room for the emerging world ( tzimtzum ), the "breaking of the vessels" in the Creation and the release of the divine spark of light ( Schebirath ha Kelim ), speculation about the Infinite (En Sof ) and a teaching about the souls ( gilgul ). The goal of all efforts of the people it is to heal it, in a process of improvement (tikkun ) initial state of the world from a divine existence to be restored.

These lessons are outlined in very detailed descriptions and highly detailed, highly intricate images. The Lurianic Kabbalah sees itself as a science of God, man and the world as a mystical Interpretation of a human exile and his redemption in the cosmological horizon.


which originated in Safed Kabbalah of Isaac Luria, has gained considerable influence in Judaism. Many elements of this doctrine were in the eastern European Hasidism

17th and 18 Century effectively. Under careful inclusion messianic elements and a certain simplification of the original building was very differentiated teaching the Kabbalah make a big importance in the popular Hasidic centers of Eastern Jewry. Kabbalistic tradition is maintained in the presence and developed, especially in the Hasidic communities in the U.S. and Israel. As one of the major Kabbalists of the 20th Century is Yehuda Ashlag
. See also: Pardes

Christian Kabbalah
Athanasius Kircher
coined the term "Christian Kabbalah" The question of whether there was a real Christian Kabbalah in the sense of a primary kabbalistic mysticism with Christian elements ever. can not be answered with absolute certainty. kabbalistic creative thinkers from the blank of Isaac Luria, who with his vision of Adam Kadmon created a very own vital gnostic-Kabbalistic creation myth, lack of Christian Kabbalah. On the other hand clearly is an extremely fruitful Kabbalistic writing good reception in early humanism. Allen led the way Giovanni Pico della Mirandola in "Philosophica Conclusiones, et theologicae sive theses DCCCC kabblisticae, 1486 - Philosophy, kabbalistic and theological conclusions" and dignitate with his 1496 posthumously published work "Oratio de hominis, 1486 - On the Dignity of Man ". Johannes Reuchlin Association of Christian theology, Pythagorean and Neo-Platonic philosophy and Jewish mysticism to a Synthesis (De verbo mirifico, 1494, De arte cabalistica, 1517). With "De Occulta Philosophia - From the hidden philosophy, Antwerp, Paris and Cologne, 1530-1533" was .. Agrippa von Nettesheim an immediate early humanist "seller" in which he presented the kabbalistic esotericism in the service of Christian dogma Heinrich Khunrath "Amphitheatrum Sapientiae Aeterna Solius Vera, Hamburg: sn, 1595 - Amphitheater of the only true and eternal wisdom" is . a mixture of Christian magic, alchemy and Kabbalah, the "Cabbala denudata, 2 vols, 1677-1684 - Kabbalah Revealed" of the clergy Christian Knorr von Roth Rose is the first major Zohar translation into Latin dar. How far the interests of that theologian, poet and hermetic go, he shows the annotated translation by G. della Porta's "Magia Naturalis, 1680 ", but especially the close collaboration with the alchemists and linguists Johan Baptista van Helmont .
Hermetic Kabbalah
Kabbalistic teachings and motives found since the early 20th century, increasing attention outside of Judaism. First, only theologians
and occult circles as the Theosophy or Golden Dawn noted the popularity of the Kabbalah expanded largely due to the spread of New Age and modern Age further between out. The limits of speculative Kabbalah (theoretical Kabbalah) and magic
(Practical Kabbalah) are also fluent in Western Hermeticism. Where Gershom Scholem still in " alchemy and Kabbalah" Relationship between Jewish Kabbalists, alchemists and Christian Kabbalists documented, blurred at the Hermetists 19th century's all dividing lines. Pressurizes The nearly complete incorporate alchemy and Kabbalah. Kabbalah as a means of initiation there with them. The oral transmission of Torakenntnissen and mystical Toradeutung ( Sefer Yetzirah , Sefer Bahir , Sohar ) remains at the Hermetists largely by the wayside. Even the Kabbalah of the Golden Dawn joined with little Jewish Kabbalah and Kabbalistic Tanach
- hermeneutics. Kabbalah after Crowley's Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO) has Crowley's Liber AL vel Legis the foundation and removed completely from the Jewish Kabbalah. In kawwanah - Church of the New Aeon is the Lurianic Kabbalah
one of several sources.
Kabbalah pop culture
Even pop stars propagate such as Madonna

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The Jubilee


The Jubilee of medieval Christianity was every 50 years called out as particularly holy year, in which a special sins - drain was possible. The period was further reduced until it finally reached today's standard 25 years.
is Derived from the phrase once in a blue moon, which means "extremely rare ", since humans usually only two or three of these experienced a blue moon. The jubilee year of jubilee was originally called. The Hebrew word Jobel (yo-bale ') is the sound of the shofar

announcing the Jubilee year.

Luther translated (
third book of Moses
25.8 and following) the word for a year and Jubilee Hall. The Hebrews were proclaimed after seven times seven sabbatical years, a Jubilee year, so every 50th Year.

It always began on Yom Kippur

on 10 Day of Tishri , and was proclaimed with trumpets in the country. Throughout the year, had suspended all field work, The Hebrew slaves were set free without distinction, sold and mortgaged properties (houses in walled cities and the sanctuary promised lands excluded) came without compensation from foreign hands back to the original owners or their rightful heirs back and all debts were canceled. The main purpose of this institution was the intention of obtaining Moses equality among the goods owners: the Jubilee Year should bring about a kind of rebirth of the entire State. Before the exile, however, seems to be the year of Jubilee was not observed, although a trace of it found in Isaiah 61.1 et seq. After the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 was committed no longer the jubilee year in Judaism.

Das Jubeljahr (Jubiläumsjahr, Ablassjahr) in der katholischen Kirche wurde durch die Bulle Antiquorum habet fida relatio von Papst Bonifatius VIII. initiiert, welches der päpstlichen Kasse von Zeit zu Zeit wieder aufhelfen sollte. The same was celebrated in the same year for the first time and should be repeated only every 100 years. The success was so brilliant that even Clement VI. 1343 ordered the return of the jubilee year for 50 years and Pope Urban VI. 1389 even the jubilee year period to 33 years down was because Jesus lived 33 years to earth. In rapid succession 1400 , 1423 and 1450 were celebrated in a blue moon, to Pope Paul II 1470 fixed the unalterable, that the Jubilee should be celebrated every 25 years. At the same time, the main churches of Rome and the cathedrals (bishoprics) determined in the different countries to deputies of the Peter Church in Rome , and all those who visited her, granted was as full of indulgence such as those in which 14 days, their devotion work performed in St. Peter's. 1875 was the 22nd Jubilee instead. The celebration starts on 25th December
under Christmas Mass on Christmas Day last year. The pope opened personally by three hammer blows to date walled holy gate (gate jubilee, golden gate) of St. Peter under manifold ceremonies, and Pope and clergy take in a magnificent procession through the Holy Door in St. Peter's Basilica. On 25th December the following year the Pope closes the door in similar ceremonies that will be walled up afterwards. Regardless of the jubilee granted some Popes and a jubilee year in their possession of the papal chair, as for example Leo XII. 1826 did. Also Leo XIII. hosted the first annual celebration of his elevation to the Holy See a general anniversary with the promise of complete forgiveness of sins.

The last Jubilee year was known as the Great Jubilee in the year 2000

, under the motto "Christ heri, hodie, semper." (Christ yesterday, today and forever) stood.
blue moon in the 20th Century
1900: 25 December 1899 - 25 December 1900

1925: 25 December 1924 - 25 December 1925


1933: (very)


1950: 25 December 1949 - 25 December 1950


1975: 25 December 1974 - 25th December 1975


1983 (extremely) Holy Thursday, 1983 - Easter Sunday, 1984


2000: 25 December 1999 - 06th January 2001 (extended to celebrate the actual entrance into the 21st century.)

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Israel ben Eliezer Rabbi Nachman


Rabbi Israel ben Eliezer (c. 1700 in Okop at Kamenetz -Podolsk (Ukraine ), † 1760 in Miedzyborz , Podolia, known as Baal Shem Tov (Master of the Good Name) and abbreviated Bescht) is the founder of Hasidic movement within Judaism . His exact birth date is unknown. Many details of his biography are
legendary
. It seems certain that he was married twice, his second wife, a son and a daughter had, and that he in May 1760, on the second day of Shavuot Shavuot in shtetl Miedzyboz in the Western Ukraine died.
literature
Of Rabbi Israel Ben Eliezer called the Baal Shem Tov, is the master of good reputation, training in dealing with God. d. assembled from fragments of Martin Buber
. [With afterword and commentary ed. Lothar Stiehm]. Heidelberg: Schneider 1981st ISBN 3-7953-0185-8
Isaac Bashevis Singer
: The realm of heaven: a story of the Baal Shem Tov. Munich: dtv 2004th ISBN 3-423-25220-0 Karl Erich Grozinger (eds): The Stories of the Baal Shem Tov. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz oJ
ISBN 3-447-03867-5

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Rabbi Nachman of Bratslav
(* 1772 in Medschybisch , died October 16 1810 in Uman ) was a Hasidic tzaddik. mother's side he was the great-grandson of the Baal Shem Tov

, the founder of Hasidism. Father's side he was the grandson of Rabbi Nahman of Horodenka, a student of the Baal Shem Tov. Nachman was raised in the Hasidic atmosphere at his home, married early and lived in the house of his father. He later settled in Mewedewka, a village in the province Kiev, where he assembled a group of Hasidim around. 1798 he went accompanied by a student on a journey to the Holy Land

. Within several months, he visited among other Haifa, Jaffa, Tiberias and Safed had, but after the invasion of Napoleon leave the country at a moment again. During his stay in a village near Schpola he had a discussion with Arie body, an elderly Hasidic leaders, who accused Nachman Sabbatian and Frankist views. In 1802 he moved to Bratslav, where he remained until 1810. After his house was burned down in Bratslav, he moved to Uman, where he died on 18 Tishri 5571 (October 16, 1810) died during the Sukkot to tuberculosis. After the death of Rabbi Nachman his followers were known as the Bratslav Hasidim. In their area of origin
Podolia
they were up to the early years of the Soviet Union active and gained in the inter-war period especially in Poland increased social recognition. In Israel most Bratslav Hasidim lived at first in the Old City of Jerusalem , but have now settled in Safed , Emanuel and Bnei Brak.
His teachings
Although Nachman emphasized the importance of tradition and as the last link of a chain saw that Shimon ben Yochai
of about Isaac Luria until his great-grandfather, the Baal Shem Tov, presented his teachings contain many new features. According to Nachman, the world was by En Sof, "the infinite" create, and is dominated by the absolute will of God. Divinity is everywhere contained in evil, in the form of Klippot ("shells"). Even a man who is sinking in evil, therefore, can be found back by repentance the Creator. The Lurianic doctrine of tzimtzum ("retreat", see Kabbalah ) creates a paradox . On the one hand, it postulated the retreat and the disappearance of Divinity by creating a vacuum , secondly, it is divine immanence (presence of God in the world) was adopted. According to Nachman of the ideal state of Tzimtzum only in the future is achieved. The main significance of this doctrine, however, is to raise doubts about the existence of the Creator. The wording of the question is an important element in his teaching and is the first act of the will of the Creator in their relationships with their people. Although humans can get deep into the clutches of the doubt, the ultimate purpose of his case lies in its promotion ("And the decline is happening around the climbing's sake" Sohar ).
Tzaddik Nachman
theory is unique, then is he said there is only one true tzaddik, namely Nachman himself, which provided for a determination as Messiah is. Just as Moses confer on the tzaddik the prayers of the community's saving power. Idea of the tzaddik of heretical questions can lead to spiritual advancement of those who were before the mistake. Even the Niggun (the Hasidic melody) has a similar redemptive influence. The tzaddik lives forever, so to speak, whether in this or in the world to come. A person is required to travel to the tzaddik, "because the important thing is what he hears from the mouth of the tzaddik." Nachman attitude to people and the world is quite pessimistic. He believes that there were many obstacles in the way of the people in this world that may be mentioned without further
Gehinnom
. Nevertheless, Nachman is with all his strength against despair. The anchor, the man can hold in life, faith, encouragement, joy, song, dance, constant self-criticism, discussions with the tzaddik and the longing for a direct relationship to the Creator. An important position in his teachings does decided to open the prayer. This is not limited to the Jewish tradition of prayer, even the recitation of psalms is worthless as long as the prayer is not with kawwanah pray and identified himself with the contents. Important for the dialogue is also a commitment to daily isolation. The importance of Niggun, the sung prayer is not to over-estimate by Nachman. There is a complete system of Niggunim which corresponds to the structure of the universe. Those who adapt to the musical rhythm, can achieve great pleasure from it and reaches the extinction of the self. At this moment, reveals that of the Creator, who longs for him, through the various stages in the order of nature. One way of spiritual elevation is offered to the people of Eretz Israel
where he can gain faith and wisdom. This may provide an explanation Nachman to believe he was throughout his life by the wisdom-enhancing power of the Land of Israel was based, which he himself was "the greatest of zaddikim" as he called himself.

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tzaddik

tzaddik (di: k), also צַדִּיק Tzaddiq (Hebrew for "righteous" or "Fair"), is now a concept of a religious leader and holy man ( Religious titles ) in Hasidism. In the Old Testament (Tanach

) is a tzaddik a righteous man, in the Talmud and Midrash one who does the question of justice demand more than God's laws. Since the Middle Ages the term tzaddik as a honorary title given especially religious Jews is held, where a special relationship was said to God. In the Eastern European Hasidism a tzaddik was seen as a mediator between God and man. Man held meetings with him, he acted as an adviser to receive performed miracles and was entitled to support from his community. In the period of training of Hasidism, the hereditary dignity of a tzaddik and it formed from dynasties.